Improvement in sewing-machines



v 4 Sheets-Sheet l.

I. M. SINGER. SEWING MACHINE.

VWX/M555,

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I. M. SINGER?. SEWING MACHINE.

l190.12969. Patented May 29, 1855.

I. M. SINGER.

SEWING MACHINE.

190.12999. Patented May 29, 1955.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

I. M. SINGER. SEWING MACHINE.

No. 12,969. Patented May 29, 1855.

-Efe 4i@ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAAC SINGER, OFNEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT iN SEWING-MACHINES.

'Seieationlforming part of LettersjPatent No. 12,969, dated May 29, 1855.

To all whom '111i may con/cern:

' Be it known that I, ISAAC M. SINGER, of New York city, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sewing-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specication, in which- Figure l is a front elevation of the machine as improved; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, an inverted view of the under side of the machine, and Figs. 4 and 5 vertical sections taken at the line A a and B b of Fig. 3.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the gures.

Thel first part of my invention relates to an improvement in the machine for sewing seams with a .single thread by carrying the thread through the cloth or other substance with an eye-pointed needle, and forming therewith a loop through which the thread is carried by.

the needle at the next perforation, the saidi' loop being then liberated and the thread formed into, another loop,` around which the first is` drawn tight, thus concatenating the self-same thread with itself, stitch after stitch. I have found that a `seam sewed in this manner is defective, for the reason that if the thread be cut in any part of the seam it can be drawn apart by pulling on the .two substances sewed tocausing the needle to pass twice in succession through ,the same puncture, the feed motion being suspended for that purpose, therebyinterlocking the loops twice in succession, which eectua'lly secures the seam.

The second part of my invention relates to the feeding operation. As machines have heretofore been constructed 'the cloth or other substance is fed forward to space the stitches while under the pressure of a pad, which, for the time being, is not movable, and in .consequence the substance to be sewed is liable to be and is often puckered, particularly when thin, (such as liuen,) and as the stitches are drawn tight while the substance is thus puckered it is diicult and often impossible to draw out the wrinkles o r puckcrsthus produced. The object of this tion, instead of remaining stationary to make friction. The accompanying drawings represent a machine for sewing seams with one thread, such as I have described in an application heretofore made for Letters Patent.'

The eye-pointed needle a on the lower endof the slideb carries the thread through the substance to be sewed, which is placed on a table'.

c, the looping apparatus being situated below for the purpose of effecting the concatenation of the stitches. Below the table is placed the usual feeding-wheel, d, the periphery of which is made rough, as represented, and projects a little abovethe surface of the table through an aperture made therein for that purpose, so that the substance tobe sewed may be pressed onto this roughened periphery by the pressure of a pad, e, on the lower end of an arm, j', the upper end of which arm turns on a fulcrum-pin, g, secured to -a slide, h, which is adapted to slide on the standardcf of the needle-slide. A helical spring, `7','is interposed between the lower end of this slide h and the standard i, to force down the slide and cause the pad toumake pressure on the substance to be sewed placed on the table. The lower end of the slide h is provided with a plate, k, having. a slot out in which the arm f of the padworks, and by which it is guided in its lateral movements.

From the foregoing it will be seen that while the pad is forced down to make pressure on the substance to be sewed it is free to move with such substance when advancedby the feed motion of the feed-wheel, because the arm of the pad is connected at its upper end by a joint or fulcrum pin with the slide that forces it down toward the table, and as-the friction of the pad'arm on its fulcrum-pin is much less than the friction between the pad and the substance to be sewed as a necessary consequence the pad moves with the feed motion, and thus avoids all tendency to produce apucker or wrinkle.

Sosoon as the feed motion has taken place and the needle begins to enter the substance to be sewed the pad is lifted up, that it may be forced back to its original position by the tension of a delicate spring, Z, which acts on the pad-arm. The lifting of the slide with the pad-arm conI nected is effected by a cam, m, on the needlecam Wheel a on th'e end of the s hafto, which cam acts on an arm; p, attached to 'the padslide in the usual manner. The feed motion is given by a cam or tappet, q, on the shaft 1 below the table, which at each revolution acts ou and forces down an arm, s, on a rock-shaft, Ti, the said rock-shaft being provided Withanother arm, u, connected by an adjustable link, o, with the lever w, which imparts'the required feed motion to the feed-Wheel d. By means vof this or any equivalent arrangement a regu lar feed motion, corresponding to the length of one stitch, -is imparted to the cloth or other substance once for every -rotation of the shaft andonee for each operation of the needle a. Near its end the shaft lr carries one cog, a?, which at each rotation of the shaft acts on the cogs of a pinion, y, on a short parallel arbor, z, and

turns the said pinion the distance of one cog.'

0n the opposite end this arbor carries a cog or spur, a', which once in every complete revolution Aacts on a corresponding spur or shoulder' b', on the arm s of the rock-shaft t and holds it out while the shaft r makes one revolution, so that during that revolution the feed motion shall be suspended,and, as a necessary consequence, the needle passes a second time through the same hole in the cloth or other substance; and thus concatenates two loops, one over the other, and effectually ties the thread, so that iteannot run when the thread is eut and the two substances are drawn apart. The pinion is represented as having nine eogs, so that this tie will take place at the end of every eight stitches; but the number of eogs can be increased or decreased vat pleasure, and thus increase or decrease the number ofties in the seam. At the end of the seam, orwhenever it'may be desiredto make atie in the seam, it is only necessary for the operator to pull back the arm u of the rock-shaft duringthe passage of the tappet q, which operates the rocleshaft t, thus suspending the feed motion during one operation, in consequence of which the needle performs two successive' operations in the same puncture, thereby effectually tying the seam.

That I elaiin`as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, in sewing seams m cloth and other substances by machinery, is-

as described, so th at the said pressure-pad sh al lf move with the cloth or other substance when fed forward for spacing the stitchesyiustead of making friction, which would tend to pueker or wrinkle such cloth or other substance, described, and by Whielnalso, the cloth is relieved from pressure alter the needle has entered, so ythat it can be turned freely on thel needle as an axis, asset forth;

ISAAC M. SING-ER.

Witnesses:

WM. H. BISHOP, Crus. W. BAMBURGH. 

